タグ: 安楽死

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サイエンス デジタル 心理学・性格・傾向

安楽死～消極的安楽死・間接的安楽死・積極的安楽死～

安楽死には3つの種類があります。

１：消極的安楽死：苦しむのを長引かせないため、延命治療を中止して死期を早めること
２：間接的安楽死：苦痛を除去・緩和するための措置を取るが、それが同時に死を早めること
３：積極的安楽死：苦痛から免れさせるため意図的積極的に死を招く措置を取ること
積極的安楽死が許容される要件
 4要件が挙げられています。

１：耐え難い肉体的苦痛がある

２：死期が迫っている

３：苦痛を除去、緩和する方法がほかにない

４：患者の明らかな意思表示がある

 

注意点

日本では、安楽死・尊厳死は合法化されていません。患者本人が真摯に死を望んでいたとしても、患者の要望に基づいて殺害し、または自ら命を絶つのを援助する行為は、自殺関与・同意殺人罪（刑法 202 条）に該当します。

参考：厚生労働省 自殺相談

 

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Euthanasia in Japan: Types, Criteria, and Legal Status

Euthanasia, or “mercy killing,” is a controversial topic that involves intentionally ending a person’s life to relieve suffering. In Japan, euthanasia is currently illegal, but there are ongoing discussions about legalizing it under certain circumstances.

Types of Euthanasia:

  1. Passive Euthanasia: Withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment to allow a natural death.
  2. Indirect Euthanasia: Administering medication to relieve pain and suffering, which may also hasten death.
  3. Active Euthanasia: Intentionally taking a person’s life to relieve suffering.

Criteria for Active Euthanasia:

Four criteria are generally considered for active euthanasia to be permissible:

  1. Intractable physical suffering: The patient must be experiencing severe and unbearable pain that cannot be relieved by other means.
  2. Imminent death: The patient must be terminally ill with a short life expectancy.
  3. No other options: There must be no other available treatments or methods to alleviate the suffering.
  4. Voluntary and explicit consent: The patient must have clearly and explicitly expressed their desire for euthanasia.

Legal Status in Japan:

It’s important to note that euthanasia and “dignified death” are not legal in Japan. Even if a patient sincerely wishes to die, actively assisting their death or killing them at their request is considered a crime under Article 202 of the Japanese Penal Code (suicide assistance/consent murder).

For more information on this complex and sensitive topic, you can refer to the following resources:

Disclaimer: This information is provided for general knowledge and informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and you should not rely on it as such. Please consult with a qualified legal professional for specific advice related to your situation.